French Language Requirements for Residency and Citizenship

Updated 2nd January 2026

To live, work, or gain citizenship in France, demonstrating proficiency in the French language is mandatory. As of January 2026, new language requirements and a civic exam will be enforced for residency and citizenship applications. This guide covers what’s changing, including the new CEFR levels and essential exam information.

Adapting to these requirements will not only ease your transition to life in France but also enhance your integration into French society. Enroll in personalized classes to get ready for your French exams and boost your confidence.

France considers mastery of the local language a key part of successful integration. Whether you’re applying for a long-term residence permit, a 10-year resident card, or French citizenship, being able to communicate effectively is crucial. Strong language skills help you:

• Navigate government services, healthcare, and education

• Connect with colleagues, neighbors, and the local community

• Participate fully in everyday life and social activities

Moreover, these requirements ensure that newcomers can understand French culture, supporting smoother integration overall.

The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) is a guide used to measure language proficiency across Europe. It has six levels ranging from A1 (beginner) to C2 (proficient). The CEFR framework defines proficiency levels as follows:

• A2 – Manage simple conversations and daily interactions

• B1 – Handle more complex social situations and understand main points of familiar topics

• B2 – Express opinions, understand nuanced conversations, and write in detail

Additionally, these levels apply to listening, reading, writing, and speaking, so comprehensive preparation is key.

For a clear understanding of your current level and how it fits into the CEFR framework, feel free to read: How Do I know My Level in French.

Starting in 2026, the CEFR levels required for residency and citizenship are increasing.

These higher thresholds reflect a stronger emphasis on communication and daily functionality in French. Previously, some applications required only basic proficiency, but now applicants must demonstrate more advanced skills, particularly for naturalization.

The 10-Year Resident Card allows you to stay in France for up to ten years with similar rights to French citizens, including access to public services and employment.

To apply for French citizenship through naturalization, you must have lived in France for at least 5 years (reduced to 2 years with a French higher education degree)

To pass your French exam with confidence, check out my expert tips and preparation strategies.

• This test evaluates French up to B2 level and is specifically designed for integration, residence, and nationality applications. It has been updated to reflect the new requirements and is widely accepted. It includes different modules, such as listening, reading, and speaking.

• Results are provided in levels corresponding to the Common European Framework of Reference. A score can determine your proficiency and help meet visa or residency requirements.

Like the TCF‑IRN, this version of the TEF assesses candidates up to B2 and is recognized by French authorities.

• DELF (Diplôme d’Études en Langue Française) has four levels: A1, A2, B1, and B2. Each level assesses your ability to interact in everyday situations.

• DALF (Diplôme Approfondi de Langue Française) includes C1 and C2 levels, aimed at advanced learners demonstrating full command of the language.

Passing these tests earns you a diploma that is valid for life. You can find exam centers across France and other countries.

Other language tests or certifications may also be accepted depending on your circumstances, including:

• DFP (Diplôme de Français Professionnel) – Focuses on French for professional settings and may be accepted for work-related residency or professional visas, but not usually for citizenship.

• DNL (Diplôme National de Langue) – A national certificate for language skills, though it is typically more educational or for non-citizenship residency applications.

One of the biggest shifts in 2026 is the introduction of a Mandatory Civic Exam. This test is designed to assess your knowledge of French institutions, values, rights, and duties — essentially your understanding of how French society works.

• Who must take it: First-time applicants for multi-year residence permits, residence cards, and French citizenship.
• Test format: Multiple-choice (MCQ) with around 40 questions. A high pass rate is required.
• Topics covered: French history, values of the Republic, civic rights, responsibilities, and social structures.
• When to take it: Typically before submitting your main application.
• Why it matters: Passing the test ensures legal compliance and demonstrates your knowledge of French society, improving integration and community participation.

Exemptions sometimes apply, especially for those renewing an existing permit or for people with protected statuses such as refugees, depending on individual circumstances. Always check the latest official guidelines.

These new language and civic requirements apply mainly to:

• Non‑EU nationals applying for their first long‑term or resident permit

• Applicants for French citizenship by naturalisation

• People applying for nationality by marriage who must also meet the French level requirement

If you already hold a long‑term permit (e.g., a two‑year card) and are renewing it, you typically do not have to re‑prove the language level already certified — but a higher level may be required if you move up to a longer status like the 10‑year resident card.

The 2026 updates show how important it is to speak French confidently and know French society. The new CEFR levels and civic exam may seem tough, but early preparation and regular practice make all the difference.

Whether your goal is residency, a 10-year card, or citizenship, improving your skills step by step is key.

If you’d like personalized support, contact me for private French lessons. Together, we can create a plan to help you reach your language goals and succeed with the 2026 requirements — all while enjoying the journey!